Study gives more options to patients with lung cancer
Lung cancer is the number 1 cancer killer of both men and women. In fact, more deaths are due to lung cancer than the next four leading causes of cancer deaths combined (breast, prostate, colon, pancreas). More than 164,000 will die this year. Often, much more media attention is given to advances in breast or prostate cancer, but major advances have occurred in lung cancer as well, such as the ANITA trial.
Steady improvement in survival has been demonstrated.
Lung cancer is not hopeless
Many people
have a nihilistic view toward lung cancer, thinking it is hopeless.
However, steady improvement in survival has been demonstrated.
Even patients with advanced lung cancer who cannot be cured can
be treated and have good quality of life, often for years.
When a person is diagnosed with an early-stage lung
cancer, the standard of care has been to surgically remove
it. Now we know we can achieve even better outcomes by adding
chemotherapy after surgery. Chemotherapy used to be given only
to patients with more advanced tumors, usually in Stages III
or IV.
Chemotherapy helps prolong life
This study
is good news in the treatment of lung cancer because it gives
patients and their doctors another option to improve survival.
Now, after a tumor has been surgically removed, patients are
given what is called adjuvant chemotherapy. As the study points
out, overall and cancer-free survival is significantly improved
with this type of treatment. It is estimated this treatment may
prevent about 7,000 U.S. patients from dying each year of lung
cancer.
Overall and cancer-free survival is significantly
improved with [adjuvant chemotherapy].
The data leaves little doubt that early-stage lung cancer should
be treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The chemotherapy drugs
are much better today than they were years ago and have fewer
side effects and problems. Today's third-generation chemotherapy
agents are more active and less toxic than ever before. They
target the cancer cells better, causing less damage to the surrounding
healthy cells. The benefits of today's chemotherapy outweigh
the risks.
Multidisciplinary team approach to care
What
does this all mean for patients? It all emphasizes the fact that
lung cancer should be treated with a team approach. At Yale-New
Haven Hospital we have embraced this team concept. Thoracic surgeons
and pulmonologists work jointly with medical oncologists, radiation
oncologists, chest radiologists, pathologists, cancer nurses
and other specialists to assure that each patient receives the
best care.
I recently joined the Yale team from the University of North
Carolina where I had founded a Multidisciplinary Thoracic Oncology
Program 10 years ago that received national recognition as a
model for cancer care. With Lynn Tanoue, MD, medical director
of the Yale program, we are leading the Thoracic Oncology Program
into the future.
The program available at Yale-New Haven consists of a multidisciplinary
group of doctors and nurses who will help coordinate a patient's
care. All new patients are reviewed at the Tumor Board in order
to ensure that the diagnostic and treatment plan has considered
all angles. This makes the approach streamlined, yet detailed
and designed to give the best results.
The program also entails a comprehensive and carefully planned
palette of treatment options based on the latest data, such as
the ANITA trial, and thus represent cutting-edge treatment. Several
members of the Yale-New Haven Thoracic Oncology team are national
leaders in lung cancer, involved in defining national guidelines
for care of this disease.
Treatment evolving
A lot of research is under
way in the area of lung cancer. A profound transformation in
cancer treatment is occurring because we are beginning to understand
the fundamental mechanisms that drive cancer cells.
This transformation makes the type of collaboration
that occurs at a comprehensive cancer center particularly important,
as it involves not only physicians who treat patients, but
collaboration with basic scientists in order to translate new
insights from the lab into better clinical outcomes. For example,
newer tests can help customize chemotherapy to a patient for
his or her particular kind of cancer.
Understand your options
If you are diagnosed
with lung cancer, I advise getting multidisciplinary input from
dedicated specialists in order to fully understand the options.
Today, patients have many more options available to them, like
adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery.
Three questions you should ask:
- Is your doctor well informed about the latest treatments?
- Is he or she aware of the research under way?
- Is he or she part of a multidisciplinary team?
Dr. Detterbeck is chief of thoracic surgery and surgical director of the
Thoracic Oncology Program at Yale-New Haven Hospital, as well as professor
of surgery at the Yale School of Medicine.